Berlin Airlift (1948–49)

When the Soviet Union blockaded West Berlin, Britain played a critical role in delivering essential supplies by air for over a year. This unique project features veterans who took part in this extraordinary humanitarian and logistical effort.

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An interview with

Dick Arscott

Group Captain Dick Arscott gives a detailed and lucid account of his memoirs as a...

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An interview with

Dan Hall

On the Berlin Airlift, Dan Hall worked on GCA, a Ground Control Approach radar system....

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An interview with

Bill Campbell

Bill Campbell was a 19 year old Load Master on the Berlin Airlift. He served...

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An interview with

Alec Chambers

Alec Chambers gives an interesting account of life as a Flight Refueler on the Berlin...

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An interview with

Colin Cottle

On the Berlin Airlift Colin Cottle was part of Air Formation Signals who were a...

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An interview with

Sid and Jim

Sid Parsonage and Jim Weston first met each other on the Berlin Airlift in 1948....

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An interview with

Tom Holland

Tom Holland gives an outstanding account of his life as a pilot in the RAF....

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An interview with

Ed Meddings

Ed Meddings saw action in WWII and then flew on the Berlin Airlift. A modest...

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An interview with

Dr Joyce Hargrave-Wright

Joyce was a naive 20 year old when she was sent to Bad Eilsen in...

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An interview with

Garry Garretts

Squadron Leader Garry Garretts flew on the Berlin Airlift as part of a 30 year...

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An interview with

Brian Hargreaves

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An interview with

Pat Thurlow

Pat Thurlow was a young conscript who did what all military men know you’re not...
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About Berlin Airlift (1948–49)

In 1948, the Soviet Union imposed a blockade on West Berlin, cutting off all road, rail, and canal access in an attempt to force the Allies out of the city. In response, Britain and the United States launched a vast humanitarian effort, delivering essential supplies by air. Over 15 months, aircraft carried millions of tonnes of food, fuel, and medicine—keeping West Berlin alive and marking the first major confrontation of the Cold War.

Legasee’s Berlin Airlift Project

Despite the scale of the operation, the British contribution has often been overlooked. With support from the Heritage Lottery Fund, Legasee worked with the British Berlin Airlift Association, the Norfolk & Suffolk Aviation Museum, and Bungay High School to ensure these stories were recorded.

From 2012 to 2013, Legasee captured 50 interviews with British veterans who took part in the airlift — pilots, ground crew, engineers, and support staff. A permanent exhibition was also created at the Norfolk & Suffolk Aviation Museum to commemorate the 65th anniversary of the airlift, featuring memorabilia and artefacts donated by veterans.

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An interview with

Dick Arscott

Dick flew aircraft into Berlin during the Airlift and on some occasions was harassed by Soviet aircraft, including simulated attacks and a game of ‘chicken’.

Dick joined the RAF in 1942, aged 19, and flew allied transport aircraft in the Far East, supplying Allied troops in the jungle. After the war he was in Transport Command, operating in Germany and Poland. He was due to go on leave, but the Soviets had just blockaded Berlin, and instead he began flying Dakota transports into Berlin from western Germany. Initially only two transports were involved but this built up rapidly despite the ‘organised chaos’ of the early days. Soon the pilots were working 18-hour days, flying three to four return flights to Berlin daily. During the winter the weather was bad, although not as severe as Dick had experienced during the war. A wide variety of cargoes were carried, from coal to disassembled bulldozers and hay for the Berlin Zoo. On the return flights light export goods and unwell German children were carried. Later he flew the Avro York, a larger aircraft with greater capacity than the Dakota. On at least two occasions there was a mix-up, and a Dakota was loaded with a York’s cargo. They managed to get to Berlin but only with the engines running at maximum power. The Soviet air force harassed the Allied aircraft, sometimes firing their guns over the planes, other times buzzing them as close as twenty feet. On one occasion Dick got tired of this behaviour, turned his plane around and flew directly at the Soviet aircraft, which took evasive action. He thinks that the Airlift prevented another war.
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Service:
Interviewed by:
Martin Bisiker
An interview with

Dan Hall

Working on the runway his unit guided aircraft in every two- three minutes during the Berin Airlift, while living beside the airstrip in a caravan.

Dan had wanted to fly but was unwilling to sign on for three years and instead was conscripted. He trained in radar and was assigned to Ground Control Approach and was posted to the RAF base in Gatow, Berlin, adjacent to the Soviet zone. His unit was located at the beginning of the airstrip, guiding in British Avro Yorks and Tudors and the US C47 Skymaster. The aircraft were arriving every two to three minutes and the sky was busy with other western Allied aircraft landing at other airfields in Berlin. When on call his unit lived in a caravan beside the runway, where they were able to sleep, despite the aircraft noise The Russians were generally regarded with suspicion by the British and with fear by the Germans. He felt that the Airlift was a good thing and that it was appreciated by the German people, who were being fed by it. In addition to food the planes brought in fuel and household goods. For relaxation he enjoyed the local yacht club, run by friendly Russians, and occasionally to the centre of Berlin which was still badly damaged. Here they would sometimes go to the American Mess hall as the food was better than the British NAAFI. The work was exhausting but he only realised how tiring when he went home on leave and slept for 24 hours! He was on this posting for nine of the eleven months of the Airlift and left Berlin shortly before it ended.
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An interview with

Bill Campbell

How a young forester from northern Scotland volunteered for the Berlin Airlift, met Montgomery and rode Hitler's horse.

Bill Campbell describes his journey from the forests and farms of northern Scotland, joining up in the Black Watch Regiment and being transferred to Germany. He shares his experiences of post-war Germany from the devastation of the city of Cologne to the relationship with the locals. He also describes how he ended up volunteering for what was to become the Berlin Airlift. With humour Bill recalls the daily logistical challenges of the Berlin Airlift, meeting Montgomery and a riding encounter with Hitler's horse. His interview highlights the important role the British Army played in the Berlin Airlift, the daily risks that were taken to keep the vital air corridor open. Bill's story is a reminder that volunteering for missions can sometimes take you in unexpected directions.
Service:
Interviewed by:
Martin Bisiker
An interview with

Alec Chambers

Flight Engineer Alec Chambers: Pioneering Air Refueling in the Berlin Airlift

Alec Chambers served as a Flight Engineer during the Berlin Airlift with Flight Refueling Limited, becoming involved through Sir Alan Cobham, who provided tanker services for refueling aircraft over Berlin. Before the airlift, he participated in North Atlantic trials using modified Lancaster bombers for refueling missions. Chambers operated specialized equipment such as sinker weights and line-throwing guns to ensure safe fuel transfer between tankers and receiving aircraft, managing hydraulic systems and securing lines during operations. Originally from Shrivenham, Berkshire, Chambers volunteered for aircrew in World War II but initially served as an Engine Fitter. He was called up in January 1944 and trained as a Flight Engineer. After the war, he continued in-flight refueling with Cobham's organization, which transitioned to Tarrant Rushton to support the Berlin Airlift. While stationed in Wunstorf near Hannover, he described the chaotic post-war environment and his routine of checking aircraft readiness and coordinating refueling operations. Chambers noted the challenges of flying Lancasters with heavy fuel loads, adapting them for airlift despite their bombing design, and shared experiences of turbulence and landing difficulties due to shifting fuel weight. His account highlights the logistical challenges of air refueling during this critical period in history. 
Service:
Interviewed by:
Martin Bisiker
An interview with

Colin Cottle

An army serviceman shares details of his role with The Royal Corps of Signals in the Berlin Airlift.

Colin Cottle describes what it was like to grow up during WWII, when the Blitz meant camping out in the basement, plane spotting and finding shrapnel on the way to school. When the war ended, many young people struggled to find work so Colin signed himself up to the army, aged 16, and was swiftly sent to the front line of the Berlin Airlift as a mechanic, helping to get often overloaded allied planes to Soviet-controlled areas of the city. Colin shares details of the devastating impact war had had on the German landscape, and how life inside the military bases changed with the arrival of the Americans and their all-you-can-eat breakfasts and nightly trips into town. He also shares fascinating insights into the black market, where cigarettes and coffee were a strong currency for the impoverished locals, and explains how these clandestine trades took place and what he would do with the cash. Many years after his service, Colin chanced upon others who served in Fassberg at a book talk on the Berlin Airlift. A deeply emotional trip back to the base with them served as a reminder that, although he was just 18 years old, he played an important role in the history of the Cold War.
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Service:
Interviewed by:
Martin Bisiker
An interview with

Sid and Jim

An RAF wireless operator and pilot reflect upon their work routines and the hazards of flying during the Berlin Airlift

Sid (an RAF wireless operator) and Jim (a pilot) met while serving together in 46 Squadron during the Berlin Airlift. They recall the devastation of postwar Berlin, waving at Russian pilots from their aircraft, and their daily routines during the airlift. They flew two trips per day, including both night flying and day flying to carry flour, coal, newsprint and medical supplies, as well as airlifting children and the elderly out of Berlin. There were few social opportunities for RAF pilots, as their flying schedules precluded heavy drinking at aircrew pubs or clubs. After a few months, the work became rather tedious, but the humour of American pilots provided entertainment and light relief. Sid and Jim reflect upon flying in treacherous weather conditions, explaining that flights were rarely cancelled yet relatively few accidents occurred. They both saw the airlift as an opportunity to fly, rather than a humanitarian feat. Sid and Jim’s interview highlights the routine and eventual monotony of operations during the Berlin Airlift. Their enduring friendship is testament to the lasting bonds forged between servicemen.
Service:
Interviewed by:
Martin Bisiker
An interview with

Tom Holland

From aspiring pilot to Flying Officer on Sunderland flying boats, Tom Holland shares fascinating insights into life as an RAF officer during the Berlin Airlift.

Growing up near Coventry, Flying Officer Tom Holland witnessed the devastation caused by air raids. This, alongside his desire to fly, motivated him to join the RAF. Starting his flight training during WW2, he graduated from RAF College Cranwell, first in order of merit. Although he’d hoped - and was specially recommended- to fly Spitfires for reconnaissance photography, Tom was sent for additional training to operate flying boats. By the end of his training, Tom had had experience on a variety of aircraft, including Tiger Moths, Harvards, Oxfords and Lancasters, before being placed with 230 Squadron at the end of July 1948 to fly Sunderlands. The week he joined, the Squadron was deployed to Hamburg for the Berlin Airlift. Tom recalls what life was like flying, and working, on Sunderland aircraft during the Airlift. The interior stripped of as much unnecessary weight as possible, he recalls the precise logistics required to carry various loads into Berlin. Navigating the challenges of landing on water, to adverse weather conditions and pressure from Russian aircraft, Tom’s interview highlights the knife edge between peace and war during this period and he retains pride for what was achieved and the vital part he played. 
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Service:
Interviewed by:
Martin Bisiker
An interview with

Ed Meddings

From armourer to Wellington bombers, Ed Meddings talks about his life in the RAF and as a pilot

Originally a farmer’s son from Staffordshire Flight Sergeant Edgar (Ed) Meddings became interested in planes after his brother took him to a flying display. From them on he knew he wanted to become a pilot. Ed joined the air force in 1939 where he started as an armourer. After operational training in Bramcote, and transformative flight training in South Africa, he became a leading aircraftman and acting sergeant. Further opportunities led Ed to flying for a Wellington squadron, operating in Greece and Italy. Ed talks fondly about the camaraderie on the crew of his bomber, and remembers being shot at “pretty well every flight”, but also recalls never being hit. After the war Ed became a link instructor and transporter planes pilot; a role which he continued until 1968 when he left the RAF and became a civil pilot. Ed talks about his experiences dealing with the effects of war, including the death of a good friend and the distress at losing people close to him. However he remembers his war with stoicism, feeling lucky to have survived. His poignant reflection of the war was that “we did what we had to do”.
Service:
Interviewed by:
Martin Bisiker
An interview with

Dr Joyce Hargrave-Wright

She joined the WAAF after experiencing bombing as a child in WW2 and was an air traffic controller at the height of the Berlin Airlift

Joyce experienced bombing in WW2 and her mother had a narrow escape. At nineteen, in 1947, she joined the WAAF and trained in air traffic control and radar. The Airlift started the day that Joyce was posted to Germany, and she was initially ambivalent and apprehensive about helping the Germans, due to wartime events. She had never been abroad before and found the experience quite daunting. When she arrived in Germany she became aware of the deprivation that the population were experiencing and how they too were bombed. At the RAF HQ in Ahnsen she worked as a ‘Hoe Girl’ using a table-top hoe to plot the movement of aircraft during the Airlift and this task demanded a high level of accuracy. As well as this duty she worked in communications, relaying messages from aircraft to officers. There were three air ‘corridors’ to Berlin differentiated by height, with an aircraft landing every three to four minutes. The work was hard and constant, with leave once a month, when she and her colleagues were sent to a hotel and during this period she met her husband to be, who was also working on the base. During her time overseas she met Germans of her age and spoke to them about Nazism and the Hitler Youth. They said it was like the British Scouts and tried to explain their enthusiasm for Hitler. These young Germans professed to have no knowledge of the Holocaust, partly because they lived in the countryside.
Service:
Interviewed by:
Martin Bisiker
An interview with

Garry Garretts

A Squadron Leader who flew on the Berlin Airlift and was one of the few people to fly a Vulcan as part of a 30 year RAF career.

Garry Garretts shares his extraordinary thirty-year journey serving with the RAF. Even before he was old enough to enlist, Garry had already been afflicted by the scourge of war, following the explosion of an incendiary bomb which left nineteen fragments snagged in his legs during the Blitz. Once conscripted, he chose to fly for the RAF, favouring flying over the idea of walking or sea travel! His training would send him all over the globe where he was given the honour of flying many aircrafts from the Tiger Moth, Dakota and the Vulcan. However, despite the many opportunities he was given for travelling and flying, he wouldn't see active service until the end of the war, as part of the Dakota squadron aboard the Wellington OTU. As a result, Garry felt dissatisfied with his experience during WWII. He would find more satisfaction in a post-war world where he would rise through the ranks, becoming a Flight Officer and  sent to transport supplies for the Berlin Airlift. He describes the difficult and concentrated process of flying during this period and the preliminary requirements for transporting certain supplies, whether they be flour, alcohol or machinery used to help restore electricity to a recovering Berlin. He shares knowledge relating to the growing tensions between the Russians and Americans which would eventually lead into the Cold War. Towards the end of his time in the Airlift, he recalls the British Air Mail Society wanting to commemorate the lives of young soldiers who risked their lives in the Airlift to feed starving Germans. Garry's story captures the redemption of those who were only able to make significant contributions in a post-war world, offers insight into the political circumstances that were developing between countries and reveals the bravery of those who put their lives at risk to help feed the people of a country that they once saw as an enemy.
Photo Gallery icon 11 Photos
Service:
Interviewed by:
Martin Bisiker
An interview with

Brian Hargreaves